Certificat vs Platformio
In response to IotAppAccount (View post):
Hi ForumI’m retired started with Arduino 10 years ago mostly Cut/Past long learning...
Hello Bjorn! It's great to hear about your journey with Arduino and moving onto PlatformIO, which indeed offers a more extensive ecosystem for professional development, especially for IoT projects.
Embedding Certificates in PlatformIO
To embed certificates in your project using PlatformIO, especially for secure communication in IoT projects, you generally need to include the certificate file in your project and then load it into your code. The specific steps can vary based on the library or framework you're using, but here's a general approach:
-
Place the Certificate File in Your Project: First, you should place your certificate file (usually a
.pemor.crtfile) in thesrcdirectory of your PlatformIO project. -
Convert the Certificate to a String Variable: You need to convert your certificate file into a format that can be included in your C++ code. This often involves converting the file into a string variable or a byte array. There are tools and scripts that can automate this process, such as using
xxd -iin Linux to convert a file into a C header file. -
Include the Certificate in Your Code: Once you have the certificate in a format that can be included in your code, you include this file in your main program file and use it when initializing your secure connection.
For a specific "How-To" on embedding certificates in PlatformIO, I'd recommend checking the PlatformIO documentation or forums for examples specific to your framework (like ESP-IDF, Arduino, etc.) and the libraries you're using for secure communication.
Pragma Once and Include Guards
Regarding your question about header files being read multiple times, #pragma once at the beginning of a header file is indeed intended to prevent multiple inclusions of the same file. It's widely supported by modern compilers and usually works well. However, it's not part of the C++ standard, and in some rare cases or with certain compilers, it might not behave as expected.
An alternative to #pragma once is using include guards, which are standard C++ and work in all compilers:
// Your header file content
If you're experiencing issues with a header being included multiple times even with #pragma once, it could be due to circular dependencies or incorrect project configuration. Ensuring that each header file has either #pragma once or include guards should theoretically prevent such issues. If problems persist, reviewing the project's include and import paths might help identify the cause.
For PubSubClient and EspMQTTClient Issues
The issue with .h files being read twice and causing crashes might indicate a problem with how the libraries are included or with conflicting definitions. Using #pragma once or include guards (as you've discovered) can help, but also make sure that:
- Your project structure in PlatformIO is correctly set up.
- Libraries are correctly included in your
platformio.inifile. - There are no conflicting global variables or functions across your project files.
For specific help with PlatformIO and embedding certificates, the PlatformIO Community Forums and documentation are valuable resources. The community is very supportive and could offer more precise advice based on their vast experience.
Keep experimenting and learning, Bjorn! Your progress from Arduino to PlatformIO and tackling complex IoT projects is inspiring.
